What does a full adder have the capability to do that a half adder does not?

A full adder has the capability to utilize a previously generated carry from a previous stage of addition, which is a crucial feature that distinguishes it from a half adder. The half adder can only add two single binary digits and does not have the ability to accommodate a carry input. In contrast, the full adder can take three inputs: the two significant bits to be added and the carry bit from the previous addition. This allows for more complex binary addition operations, especially when adding multi-bit binary numbers. Utilizing the carry is essential for chaining multiple full adders together in a ripple carry adder configuration, enabling them to perform additions involving larger binary numbers accurately by carrying over any excess value.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately describe the primary function of a full adder. Counting beyond 16, subtracting binary numbers, and storing data are not special capabilities associated with full adders specifically; rather, they are broader concepts that may involve additional circuitry or logic beyond simple binary addition.