What does the Central Processing Unit (CPU) do?

The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is often referred to as the "brain" of the computer because it is primarily responsible for processing and manipulating data. The CPU executes instructions from programs, performing mathematical calculations, data comparisons, and other necessary operations that allow the software to function and produce results. This core function of the CPU is crucial because it directly impacts how efficiently and effectively a computer can perform tasks, process inputs, and produce outputs.

While managing network connections, storing data, and interfacing with peripheral devices are important functions within a computer system, these tasks are typically handled by other components. For example, network connections are managed by network interface cards and related software. Data storage is primarily the responsibility of hard drives or solid-state drives, and peripheral devices interact with the computer through specific interfaces that allow for communication with the CPU but are not directly processed by it. Thus, the processing or manipulation of data remains the central and defining function of the CPU.